生物統計互動式教學

從基礎概念到進階分析——本教程涵蓋描述統計、機率分布、抽樣與中央極限定理、假設檢定、回歸、ANOVA、存活分析及樣本數設計,並配有互動模擬。

From foundational concepts to advanced analyses — this tutorial covers descriptive statistics, probability distributions, sampling and the central limit theorem, hypothesis testing, regression, ANOVA, survival analysis and study design, with interactive simulations.

01 核心主題

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Step 1

描述統計

探索平均數、中位數、變異數、標準差與箱型圖,瞭解如何總結數據。

Explore mean, median, variance, standard deviation and box plots to summarise data.

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Step 2

機率分布

認識常見的常態與二項分布,調整參數並觀察型態變化。

Learn about normal and binomial distributions, adjust parameters and see how the shapes change.

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Step 3

抽樣與中央極限定理

模擬抽樣分佈,體驗隨樣本數增加而趨近常態的過程。

Simulate sampling distributions and experience how they approach normality as sample size grows.

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Step 4

假設檢定

瞭解零假設、對立假設、p 值、型一與型二錯誤的意義。

Understand null and alternative hypotheses, p‑values and type I/II errors.

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Step 5

t 檢定與信賴區間

比較平均值並建立信賴區間,學習如何做出推論。

Compare means and build confidence intervals to make inferences.

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Step 6

卡方檢定

檢驗類別變項之間的關聯,判斷兩變量是否獨立。

Test associations between categorical variables and determine independence.

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Step 7

變異數分析

比較三組以上的平均值,了解 F 統計量與事後檢定。

Compare means of three or more groups using the F statistic and post‑hoc tests.

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Step 8

線性回歸

建立最佳擬合線,解釋截距、斜率與決定係數。

Fit the best line and interpret the intercept, slope and R².

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Step 9

邏輯斯迴歸

預測二元或多元類別結果,理解 S 型連續機率模型。

Predict binary or multi‑category outcomes with S‑shaped probability models.

Step 10

存活分析

了解時間到事件資料、Kaplan‑Meier 曲線與截尾觀察。

Learn time‑to‑event data, Kaplan–Meier curves and censoring.

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Step 11

樣本數與檢定力

評估型一、型二錯誤,計算所需樣本數以獲得足夠檢定力。

Balance type I/II errors and compute required sample sizes for adequate power.